Zipangizo zoyambira zopangira mapepala, nsalu ndi zinthu zopanda nsalu nthawi zambiri zimakhala ulusi wa cellulose. Kusiyana pakati pa zinthu zitatuzi kuli m'mene ulusi umaphatikizidwira.

Nsalu, momwe ulusi umagwirizanirana makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito makina olumikizirana (monga kuluka).

Pepala, momwe ulusi wa cellulose umalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi ma bond ofooka a hydrogen.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, nsalu zopanda nsalu zimagwirizanitsidwa pamodzi m'njira imodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi:

 

-Chinthu champhamvu chogwirizanitsa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, utomoni wopangidwa, latex kapena solvent.

Kusungunula ulusi woyandikana nawo (kulumikizana kwa kutentha).

-Kumangika kwa ulusi mwachisawawa. Mwachitsanzo: kumangika kwa zingwe zopota (monga hydroentanglement), kuboola singano kapena kusoka.

Mtundu wa nsalu yomalizidwa yopanda ulusi ndi motere:

-kuphimba. Mwachitsanzo, matewera.

-Ma geotextiles (ma geosynthetics). Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza mpanda wa nthaka wopendekeka kapena kutulutsa madzi mu uinjiniya wa zomangamanga.

-Pepala lomangira. Mwachitsanzo: denga la chimango chamatabwa, pepala lopumira mpweya (logwiritsidwa ntchito pomangira makoma), chophimba pansi.

-Zogulitsa za Tyvek. Mwachitsanzo, bulaketi ya floppy disk, envelopu.

-zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo: zopukutira zonyowa; Ma napkin; Zotengera za patebulo; Chikwama cha tiyi; Zovala; Chithandizo chamankhwala (monga diresi la opaleshoni, chigoba, chipewa, chivundikiro cha nsapato, chophimba mabala); Zosefera (magalimoto, zida zopumira mpweya, ndi zina zotero); Cholekanitsa batire; Chotsekera kapeti; Choyamwa mafuta.

Ngakhale kuti nsalu zosalukidwa nthawi zambiri zimaonedwa ngati zinthu zotayidwa, kwenikweni, zambiri mwa izo ndi zinthu zolimba.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji nsalu zopanda nsalu?

Kupatula matanthauzidwe osavuta, nsalu zopangidwa mwalusozi zimatsegulanso dziko latsopano la mafakitale amitundu yonse.

Zipangizo zopanda nsalu zitha kukhala nsalu zomwe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zambiri komanso zomwe zimakhala zolimba kwambiri. Nsalu zopanda nsalu zimakhala ndi ntchito zinazake, monga kuyamwa, kuletsa madzi, kulimba, kutambasuka, kufewa, mphamvu, kuchedwa kwa moto, kusamba, kuphimba, kusefa, chotchinga mabakiteriya komanso kusabala. Makhalidwe amenewa nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa kuti apange nsalu yoyenera ntchito inayake, pomwe akupeza mgwirizano wabwino pakati pa moyo wa chinthu ndi mtengo wake. Amatha kutsanzira mawonekedwe, kapangidwe ndi mphamvu ya nsalu, ndipo amatha kukhala akulu ngati chodzaza chokhuthala kwambiri.

Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zingapezeke pogwiritsa ntchito nsalu zopanda nsalu:

Kuyamwa madzi, chotchinga mabakiteriya, kutsekereza, kuletsa moto, kuletsa madzi, kusinthasintha, kufewa, kukulitsa mphamvu komanso kusambitsidwa.

Masiku ano, luso la zinthu zopanda nsalu likukula mofulumira chifukwa cha kufunikira kwakukulu kwa zinthuzi, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wopanda malire m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:

Ulimi, chophimba, zovala, denga la galimoto, mkati mwa galimoto, kapeti, zomangamanga, nsalu, matewera otayidwa, maenvulopu, zopukutira zapakhomo ndi zaumwini zopakira m'nyumba, zinthu zaukhondo, zilembo zoteteza kutentha, zinthu zochapira zovala, zinthu zachipatala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ngati mukufuna kugula chinthuchi kapena mukufuna zambiri, chonde musazengereze kundilankhulana nane.

Email: Emilyhu@gdbeite.com

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Emily Hu-- Woyang'anira Malonda

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